所谓js的中的传值,其实也就是说5种基本数据类型(null,undefind,boolean,number,string)，传引用也就是说的那个引用数据类型,(array和object)。

基本数据类型的值不可变,而引用数据类型的值是可变的，所以当你比较数组和对象时,都是false;除非你是克隆的原份数据。

即: var a = { name: "李四" }; var b = a;

大家通常称对象为引用类型,以此来和基本类型进行区分; 而对象值都是引用,所以的对象的比较也叫引用的比较,当且当他们都指向同一个引用时,即都引用的同一个基对象时,它们才相等.

1.比较两个单独的数组是否相等

JSON.stringify(a1) == JSON.stringify(a2)

或

a1.toString() == a2.toString()

要判断2个数组是否相同，把数组转换成字符串进行比较。

如果要比较两个数组的元素是否相等，则：

JSON.stringify([1,2,3].sort()) === JSON.stringify([3,2,1].sort());

或

[1,2,3].sort().toString() === [3,2,1].sort().toString();

判断2个数组是否相同，首先要把数组进行排序，然后转换成字符串进行比较。

2.比较两个单独的对象是否相等

let cmp = ( x, y ) => {
// If both x and y are null or undefined and exactly the same
    if ( x === y ) {
      return true;
    }
// If they are not strictly equal, they both need to be Objects
    if ( ! ( x instanceof Object ) || ! ( y instanceof Object ) ) {
      return false;
    }
//They must have the exact same prototype chain,the closest we can do is
//test the constructor.
    if ( x.constructor !== y.constructor ) {
      return false;
    }
    for ( var p in x ) {
      //Inherited properties were tested using x.constructor === y.constructor
      if ( x.hasOwnProperty( p ) ) {
        // Allows comparing x[ p ] and y[ p ] when set to undefined
        if ( ! y.hasOwnProperty( p ) ) {
          return false;
        }
        // If they have the same strict value or identity then they are equal
        if ( x[ p ] === y[ p ] ) {
          continue;
        }
        // Numbers, Strings, Functions, Booleans must be strictly equal
        if ( typeof( x[ p ] ) !== "object" ) {
          return false;
        }
        // Objects and Arrays must be tested recursively
        if ( ! Object.equals( x[ p ], y[ p ] ) ) {
          return false;
        }
      }
    }
    for ( p in y ) {
      // allows x[ p ] to be set to undefined
      if ( y.hasOwnProperty( p ) && ! x.hasOwnProperty( p ) ) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
};

下面是StackOverflow大神封装的方法，可以学习一下：

1.比较数组

// Warn if overriding existing method
if(Array.prototype.equals)
    console.warn("Overriding existing Array.prototype.equals. Possible causes: New api defines the method, there's a framework conflict or you've got double inclusions in your code.");
// attach the .equals method to Array's prototype to call it on any array
Array.prototype.equals = function (array) {
    // if the other array is a falsy value, return
    if (!array)
        return false;

    // compare lengths - can save a lot of time 
    if (this.length != array.length)
        return false;

    for (var i = 0, l = this.length; i < l; i++) {
        // Check if we have nested arrays
        if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) {
            // recurse into the nested arrays
            if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))
                return false;       
        }           
        else if (this[i] != array[i]) { 
            // Warning - two different object instances will never be equal: {x:20} != {x:20}
            return false;   
        }           
    }       
    return true;
}
// Hide method from for-in loops
Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "equals", {enumerable: false});

2.比较对象

Object.prototype.equals = function(object2) {
    //For the first loop, we only check for types
    for (propName in this) {
        //Check for inherited methods and properties - like .equals itself
        //https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/hasOwnProperty
        //Return false if the return value is different
        if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {
            return false;
        }
        //Check instance type
        else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) {
            //Different types => not equal
            return false;
        }
    }
    //Now a deeper check using other objects property names
    for(propName in object2) {
        //We must check instances anyway, there may be a property that only exists in object2
            //I wonder, if remembering the checked values from the first loop would be faster or not 
        if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {
            return false;
        }
        else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) {
            return false;
        }
        //If the property is inherited, do not check any more (it must be equa if both objects inherit it)
        if(!this.hasOwnProperty(propName))
          continue;

        //Now the detail check and recursion

        //This returns the script back to the array comparing
        /**REQUIRES Array.equals**/
        if (this[propName] instanceof Array && object2[propName] instanceof Array) {
                   // recurse into the nested arrays
           if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))
                        return false;
        }
        else if (this[propName] instanceof Object && object2[propName] instanceof Object) {
                   // recurse into another objects
                   //console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named \""+propName+"\"");
           if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))
                        return false;
        }
        //Normal value comparison for strings and numbers
        else if(this[propName] != object2[propName]) {
           return false;
        }
    }
    //If everything passed, let's say YES
    return true;
}

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